Friday, July 29, 2011

More People in Pachacamac

I'm going to attempt a brief summary of the list I've compiled of the people that would have inhabited and visited Pachacamac. I've split them into two categories: 1) Religious and Ritual, and 2) Labor and Goods. Additionally, I'm including their sub-sections but not a description of their duties.

Religious and Ritual:
Priests
 - High priest - Temple of Pachacamac
   - Lesser priests
 - High priest - Sun Temple
   - Lesser priests
Guards
 - Temple of Pachacamac
 - Sun Temple
Pilgrims
- Dead
  - Interment of the dead
  - Re-interment of the dead
- Oracular
  - 20 day fast
  - 1 year fast
- Rituals & festivals
Acllas (chosen women)
  - Acllas
  - Mamaconas

Labor and Goods:
- Quarrymen
- Masons
- Metallurgists
- Ceramicists
- Agricultural laborers
- Fishermen
- Mitmaq and/or mit'a (corvee) laborers
- Painters

With the exception of mitmaq and mit'a laborers, the labor and goods people are pretty self explanatory. Mitmaq labor is when a group of people from one area are transplanted to another area. This may be done for various reasons such as praise or punishment. Mit'a labor is the tax due the Inka state by the subjugated groups. They would go to a place for a set amount of time in order to assist in state functions. It's unclear whether the Sun Temple was built using mitmaq or mit'a labor. Uhle has two conflicting views. The first is that the Sun Temple is not quintessentially Inka in design because it was charged to the local peoples to build the temple (mit'a labor) while the Inkas built the convent (Uhle calls it the Mamacona). His other view (from Santa Cruz) is that a group of rebellious huacas was punished and part of their punishment was to build a complex at Pachacamac (unclear which one) (mitmaq labor). This may not be a high area of contention for our purposes but is a good thing to keep in mind when dressing the building laborers.

I came across an article today by Thomas Pozorski ("The Early Horizon Site of the Huaca de los Reyes: Societal Implications". American Antiquity. 45:100-110 (1980)). In this article he calculates how many man hours it would take to build the complex of Huaca de los Reyes using the example in Charles Erasmus's article (1965). The site is similar to Pachacamac in that the basic building supplies consist of mud/clay, water, and rocks. A calculation for how many men and how many man hours it would take to build the Sun Temple could be made relatively easily using our Sun Temple model. If we calculated the area of the Sun Temple and figured out where the supplies came from (water shouldn't be too hard since there are waterworks at the site, but clay/dirt deposits are another story) we could figure out how many laborers should be working on the Sun Temple. This would allow for a more accurate reconstruction of the site and the people acting within it.

- Jeanette

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